Riyadh airport attack another dangerous moment in already tense conflict

Not since the al-Qaeda insurgency of the mid-2000s has the Kingdom faced such a serious threat.

The Saudi government overcame that challenge through an effective hearts and minds campaign. Then it weathered the Arab Spring uprisings around the region which saw off leaders in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and Yemen.

It even shrugged off – with some annoyance – an Iranian ballistic missile attack on Riyadh in March.

But this is different. Saudi Arabia may have one of the most powerful air forces in the Middle East, and it has been carrying out devastating air strikes on Houthi positions. Despite this, the opposing forces have managed to seize large portions of the war-torn country, particularly in the north and west.

But the Houthis know exactly where to hit back: at the soft underbelly of the Saudi economy.

As part of the "axis of resistance", the Houthis are a vital strategic partner for Iran. From Jizan on the Red Sea to the petrochemical complex at Khurais, the Houthis are delivering explosive drones and missiles with deadly accuracy.

The Red Sea shipping route has become increasingly important, because the Strait of Hormuz, on the other side of the Gulf, has still not fully reopened since the US and Iran have failed to reach a deal to end their war.

Targeting ships in the Red Sea is another way that the Houthis are trying to exert leverage - the attacks cause global economic damage, which is a key bargaining chip for Tehran.

In early September, the White House stated it would not directly intervene in the Yemen conflict, but could provide intelligence support to the Saudis. It later confirmed that it was supplying intelligence and had deployed military experts to Saudi Arabia.

However the situation may have taken a new turn following the latest attack on Riyadh, which killed a US citizen.

Speaking to reporters, US President Donald Trump called Saturday's attack "terrible" and indicated he may intervene militarily with the Saudis.

"We just found out about the recent attack, so we'll make a decision. We move very quickly," Trump said.

But that now seems unlikely, at least before crucial US midterm elections next month.

When he was re-elected in 2024, Trump promised to end America's role in wars around the world. Despite this, the US is currently involved in three unresolved conflicts in the Middle East - in Gaza, Lebanon and Iran.

Should Trump get embroiled in another one, this time in Yemen, it is unlikely to go down well with voters.

This war now looks like it will intensify before it ends in another shaky truce - with or without US involvement.