BOOKMAN BILINGUAL 雙語書林: Chinglish or Natural English? 中式英語或道地英語?
ˇ The government called the whole nation to combat the spread of COVID-19.
χ The government called all the nation to combat COVID-19 from spreading.
Photo: AdobeStock 照片:AdobeStock
註︰「全國」一般用 the whole country/nation,「全民族」用 the whole nation/people,「全城」用 the whole town;不用 all the country, all the nation, all the town(或 city, village 等)。
防止病情擴散,英文習慣說 prevent the spread of 疾病,台灣常誤寫成 to prevent 疾病 from spreading。因此防止新冠擴散,英文是 to prevent the spread of COVID-19、to combat the spread of COVID-19。若搜尋Google,限制網域為美國,則搜尋不到:No results found for “to combat COVID-19 from spreading” site:us.
2. 他是有錢人。
Photo: AdobeStock 照片:AdobeStock
ˇ He is a rich man.
ˇ He is rich.
χ He is a rich.
註︰rich 是形容詞,the rich = rich people,必須用定冠詞,不可以說 a rich。屬於同類性質的有:the poor, the strong, the weak, the unemployed, the wounded, the oppressed 等。
3. 他太老了,不能做太多的工作。
ˇ He is too old to do much work.
χ He is too aged to do much work.
註︰aged 常用作修飾性形容詞,如 an aged man,讀 [?ed??d];或在名詞之後,如 He is a man aged seventy.,讀 [ed?d]。它不同於old,不能作補語形容詞用。
4. 這張桌子是木頭做的。
ˇ This table is made of wood.
ˇ This is a wooden table.
χ This table is wooden.
註︰wooden 只能用作修飾性形容詞,如 a wooden leg, a wooden box,不可以用作補語形容詞。
5. 那人喝得爛醉。
ˇ The man was dead drunk.
χ The man was dead drunken.
註︰drunken 通常作修飾性形容詞用,很少作補語形容詞用;而 drunk 只作補語形容詞用。例如:a drunken fellow, to get drunk, to be very drunk。
Exercises
A. 這張椅子是木頭做的。
This chair is __________ .
1. wooden 2. made of wood
3. produced by wood 4. done by wood
B. 一個醉漢躺在街上。
A __________ fellow lay in the street.
1. drunken 2. drunkard 3. drunk 4. drinker
Answers: A. 2 B. 1
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www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》,《英語的對與錯》,《世紀病毒:必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員;研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯,從事植物與人文導覽數十年,亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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