Thousands of NHS patients to get new blood tests designed to detect earliest signs of cancer

More than 20,000 NHS patients at 200 GP surgeries are to be offered cutting-edge blood tests designed to detect cancer at its earliest stages.

The trial, known as STRIDE-RCT, will examine how well the tests perform in the real world.

Scientists behind the technology say the tests pick up signals in the blood that show whether a person needs further investigation for suspected cancer, or can be safely ruled out as having the disease.

The aim is to catch cancer cases earlier through a simple blood test ordered by a GP, while also cutting unnecessary referrals to hospital for invasive tests.

Four companies are the first to take part in the trial.

They are Proteotype, with the Enlighten test, Pinpoint AI, with the PinPoint test, Natera, with the Signatera test, and Mercy BioAnalytics, with the Halo test.

Further tests may be added at a later date.

The Enlighten test measures patterns of circulating amino acid biomarkers in human plasma, then uses AI to examine the possibility a person has breast, bowel, lung or prostate cancer.

It is intended for people who may have vague symptoms or who are known to be at increased risk of cancer, and tells medics which people may need further investigation.

The Pinpoint AI test works by combining weak cancer signals in the blood to generate one strong test result.

Advertising for the test says the number of people referred for quick NHS cancer scans and tests is growing every year, but only 7 per cent are eventually diagnosed with cancer.

“A way to accurately triage suspected cancer patients right at the start of the pathway could be transformational to patient outcomes and capacity management in NHS services,” it says.

The test analyses 32 biomarkers all at once, measuring how they interact and how they relate to cancer risk.

Work so far suggests it can be used to pick up signs of bowel, ovarian and lung cancer, as well as pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, bile duct cancer and stomach cancer.

Results are returned to the doctor with a red, amber, green system to recommend what happens next.

Green suggests low risk (rule-out), amber is average risk (continue standard assessment) and red is high risk (prioritise).

The Signatera test is already used for picking up cancer that has come back, and is based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) fragments shed into the blood by tumours.

The Halo test analyses particles called single extracellular vesicles, which circulate at high levels in the blood even in early-stage cancer.

Under the trial, people aged 45 and over who visit their GP with abdominal symptoms, such as persistent bloating or discomfort, will be given the chance to try one of the tests.

Health Minister James Frith told LBC Radio: “This is an exciting and world-first major trial for earlier diagnoses for abdominal cancers, which are notoriously hard to spot, very often because their symptoms can be misread as something other than cancer.

“Let’s imagine a patient presents with vague symptoms, a inflated stomach or bloating, or changes to bowel movements recently – very often, those symptoms can be misread as something else.

“What this means is that the blood tests could help earlier diagnose and put patient on the relevant pathway, or discount it and get the peace of mind that it isn’t cancer.”

Mr Frith said it may take 18 to 24 months to determine if any of the tests might be suitable for a national rollout.

Health Secretary Yvette Cooper said: “The earlier cancers are diagnosed, the more chance they can be successfully treated, and lives can be saved.

“Innovations like these are a key part of our National Cancer Plan, which will provide faster diagnosis, more effective treatment, and better care for every patient, while also investing in the trials and technology that offer hope of curing cancer for good.”

Professor Peter Johnson, NHS national clinical director for cancer, said: “We are at the start of revolution in cancer diagnosis, and this trial will help us to find out whether blood tests can help GPs get the right patients to the right tests sooner, supporting earlier diagnosis when treatment is most likely to be successful.

“It is vital that we gather the evidence about these new technologies and I am grateful to everyone taking part in this research.”

Michelle Mitchell, chief executive of Cancer Research UK, said: “GPs have long needed better tools to help them navigate that uncertainty by identifying which patients require further testing and this trial in England is an important step towards addressing that need.

“This trial exploring whether blood tests could help GPs identify people who need further tests and, ultimately, diagnose cancers earlier is welcome.

“The findings will be valuable in guiding further research, including whether these tests could be used in the NHS.”

The trial will show whether the four tests can help GPs identify patients who need further cancer investigation.