BOOKMAN BILINGUAL 雙語書林: Chinglish or Natural English? 中式英語或道地英語?
ˇ It’s not advisable to leave a sick child all alone at home.
χ It’s not advisable to leave an ill child all alone at home.
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註︰ill 和 sick 都可用作補語形容詞,例如:
〔英語〕I have been ill/unwell for two weeks.
〔美語〕I have been sick for two weeks.
Photo: AdobeStock l 照片:AdobeStock
但作為修飾形容詞置於名詞之前時,英美都用 sick,不用 ill,如 a sick man /woman, a sick child 等。
2. 昨天整天都在下大雨。
ˇ Heavy rain fell all day long yesterday.
ˇ There was heavy rain all day long yesterday.
χ A great rain fell all day long yesterday.
註︰中文裡的「大」,不一定對應英語中的 big 或 great,試對照下列中英文:
大風:a strong / heavy wind、大雪:a heavy snow
3. 許多夜晚他餓著肚子去睡覺。
ˇ Many nights, he went to bed with an empty stomach.
χ Many nights, he went to bed with a hungry stomach.
註︰中文「餓著肚子」,在英語中是「空著肚子」,應用 an empty stomach。
4. 學好鋼琴不容易。
ˇ It is not easy to master the piano.
ˇ It is difficult/hard to master the piano.
χ It is uneasy to master the piano.
註︰easy 作「容易」解時,它的反義詞是 hard 或 difficult;easy 作「安心」、「舒適」等解時,它的反義詞是 uneasy。例如:
It is an easy chair.
He leads an easy life.
He feels uneasy about the result of the examination.
(他擔心自己的考試成績。)
5. 這個座位有人坐嗎?
ˇ Is this seat taken/available?
χ Is this seat empty?
註︰empty 是 full 的反義詞,如 an empty box, an empty bottle, an empty pot, an empty cup。available 指「未被佔用/可以使用」之意。試比較下列句子:
available 指未被佔用//可以使用:
We must find a room available for the meeting.
empty 指空無一物:
The empty room looks especially large.
Exercises
A. 大雨後河水淹沒街道。
The river flooded the streets after a __________ rain.
1. great
2. grave
3. serious
4. heavy
B. 這個座位空著嗎?
Is this seat __________ ?
1. hollow
2. taken
3. empty
4. devoid
Answers: A. 4 B. 2
文章由書林出版公司提供:
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》,《英語的對與錯》,《世紀病毒:必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員;研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯,從事植物與人文導覽數十年,亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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