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Monday, October 19, 2026

北京预计2035年进入重度老龄化社会 每三人就有一人年过60岁

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据《北京日报》周六(10月17日)报道,截至2025年底,北京市60岁及以上常住人口达528.8万人,占全市常住人口的24.3%,接近四分之一。预计到2035年,这一比例将超过33%,即每三个人中就有一名老年人。

按照国际通常划分,60岁以上人口占比超过10%是老龄化社会,占比20%至30%之间为中度老龄化阶段;超过30%是重度老龄化阶段。

《北京日报》报道指,面对人口老龄化进程的加速,作为超大城市,北京正持续完善养老保障体系,包括逐年提高基础养老金标准,加强对高龄、失能及困难老年群体的支持等。

报道指,中国人口自2022年以来持续减少,同时老龄化问题日益突出,这一趋势使得政府推动提振国内消费及控制公共债务计划变得复杂。随着数亿人口将逐步退出劳动力市场,养老金体系预计将面临越来越大的压力。

中国政府已经将人口政策纳入经济发展战略的摘要内容,试图通过鼓励生育应对人口减少的长期影响。据路透社估算,中国政府今年为促进生育可能面临约1800亿元人民币的潜在成本。

人口学家和经济学家警告,出生率的下降可能带来长期经济后果,目前儿童数量的减少,可能意味着家庭数量的减少,消费支出增长放缓。

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