Japan weighs $500 billion defense spending plan, sources say

The government and ruling coalition are considering nearly doubling defense spending over the next five years as part of Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s push to strengthen the country’s military capabilities, according to two people familiar with the matter.

If adopted, defense buildup spending for the five years from April 2027 would be set at ¥70 trillion to ¥80 trillion ($457 billion to $508 billion), up about 1.8 times the roughly ¥43 trillion allocated under the current five-year plan, which began in fiscal 2023.

The figure could still change as the government compiles the budget toward the year-end and revises its three security-related documents. Japan’s defense ministry said it had no comment at this point.

One source said the new spending is expected to fund purchases such as large numbers of drones. The same source said a weaker yen has pushed up the cost of procuring defense equipment.

The second source said the final figure could land in the mid-to-late ¥70 trillion range, but questioned whether such a sum would be enough given the security environment in East Asia, adding the final figure was subject to debate between the government and coalition partners.

Under the current buildup program formulated at the end of 2022, Japan sharply raised its planned defense spending from an initial allocation of ¥27.5 trillion, with a focus on long-range missiles intended for counterstrike capabilities, as well as ammunition and spare parts for military equipment.